Introduction to Low-Level System Design

In the world of software engineering, building robust, maintainable, and scalable systems goes beyond just solving a problem. It's about how you structure that solution. This is where Low-Level System Design (LLD) comes into play.

Low-Level Design is the process of transforming high-level design specifications into detailed class diagrams, interface definitions, database schema, and method-level logic. Unlike High-Level Design (HLD), which focuses on architecture and component relationships, LLD dives deep into the nuts and bolts of the system—how each part of the codebase will be built and interact at the code level.

Whether you’re designing a parking lot system, a file storage service, or a ride-sharing platform, mastering LLD helps you:

• Apply Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) principles effectively
• Use design patterns to solve recurring problems
• Write clean, extensible, and testable code
• Communicate technical ideas clearly during system design interviews

In this blog series, we’ll:

• Break down real-world system design problems
• Walk through the object modeling process
• Discuss trade-offs in design decisions
• Provide clean, production-ready Java implementations

Whether you’re preparing for interviews or working on complex projects, this guide will strengthen your foundation in system design from the ground up.